Race Frames in Education

Beyond the commonplace inequalities that many minoritized youth face in the United States, the post-Trump contemporary moment has created rampant racialized material and symbolic violence occurring against Latinx, immigrant and undocumented immigrant, Asian American, and African American populations. Race Frames in Education advances the conversation about racial equity in educational contexts with a unique analysis centered on the concept of racial projects—a way of thinking not only about systems of racial domination and subjugation, but also of resistance. Chapter authors center racial analyses across multiple educational and community-based settings to underscore how racial projects advance equity or reproduce inequality. This much-needed anthology addresses a pressing issue in society: how to center race and expose systemic racism in order to transform communities, schooling, and educational policies. It challenges white dominance in education and social policy and practice in order to understand the material effects of race, racism, and white supremacist logic on minoritized populations.

Book Features:

• Narratives that center the voices and grassroots-level resistance of underrepresented groups.
• An examination of anti-immigrant policies and surveillance into communities that perpetuate the school to prison/deportation pipeline.
• Empirical studies grounded in race frames, demonstrating the impact of race, systemic racism, whiteness, racialization, racial ideology, and dynamics on youth.
• An underscoring of the interdisciplinary research, especially sociological and educational studies, that center racial analysis, equity, and advocacy efforts.

Sophia Rodriguez is an assistant professor in the Department of Teaching and Learning, Policy and Leadership at the University of Maryland, College Park. Her scholarly work appears in Anthropology & Education Quarterly, Teachers College Record, and Urban Education among other outlets. Gilberto Q. Conchas is the Wayne K. & Anita Woolfolk Hoy Endowed Professor at The Pennsylvania State University. His books include The Color of Success: Race and High-Achieving Urban Youth, Cracks in the Schoolyard—Confronting Latino Educational Inequality, and Streetsmart Schoolsmart: Urban Poverty and the Education of Adolescent Boys.

“In Race Frames, the contributors frame units of analysis as racial projects to cut through the best intentions of equity-driven policies and practices, and observe how they often implicitly reproduce racialized/ing inequality. … (The book) is particularly timely in this way, as equity language has become increasingly hegemonic in education and susceptible to being appropriated to justify policies, pedagogies, and forms of care that harm racially marginalized youth.”

—Teachers College Record

“This is an excellent book that can be a resource for readers of all educational levels interested in racial issues in US education.”

—CHOICE

“This unique and stunning volume dramatically illustrates the multiple ways that race profoundly shapes educational policies, practices, and the lived experiences of students and their families. Unified by the concept of racial projects, the essays not only demonstrate the depth and persistence of structural racial inequality, but also provide us with an understanding of how students and communities resist and contest the deleterious effects of racialization in schooling.”
—Michael Omi, professor emeritus, University of California, Berkeley

Contents
Foreword Theo van Leeuwen xi

Acknowledgments xiii

Introduction 1

PART I: FOUNDATIONS

1. Conceptualizing Visual and Multimodal Phenomena 17

2. Theoretical Foundations of Multimodal Research 32

PART II: ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORKS: TEXTS AND OBJECTS

3. Iconographical Analysis 51

4. Visual Discourse Analysis 58

5. Visual Rhetorical Analysis 65

6. Multimodal Framing Analysis 71

7. Multimodal Content Analysis 78

8. Systemic Functional Multimodal Discourse Analysis 86

9. Multimodal Genre Analysis 93

Research Vignettes: Texts and Objects 99

Research Vignette 1: Young Children’s Multimodal Compositions 99
Lindsey Moses
Research Vignette 2: Multimodal Content of Magazine Covers 102
Stephanie F. Reid, Danielle Kachorsky, and Kathryn P. Chapman
Research Vignette 3: Critical Visual Discourse Analysis of 3-D Sculpture 107
Peggy Albers
Research Vignette 4: Multimodal Content Analysis of Wine Labels 110
Frank Serafini
Research Vignette 5: Examining Wordless Picture Books 115
Evelyn Arizpe and Julie E. McAdam
Research Vignette 6: A Critical Multimodal Comparison of Animation Software 118
Emilia Djonov
Research Vignette 7: Multimodality and Orientation-to-Action in Video Games 122
Jeffrey B. Holmes, Earl Aguilera, and Kelly M. Tran
Research Vignette 8: Animated Movie Adaptations of Literary Picture Books 125
Len Unsworth

PART III: ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORKS: EVENTS AND SPACES

10. Social Semiotic Multimodal Analysis 133

11. Critical Multimodal Analysis 140

12. Mediated Discourse (Interactional) Analysis 147

13. Multimodal Ethnographic Analysis 153

14. Spatial Discourse Analysis 160

15. Multimodal Cultural Analysis 166

16. Digitally Based Multimodal Analysis 173

Research Vignettes: Events and Spaces 180
Research Vignette 9: Mapping (Visual) Identities During COVID-19 180
Jennifer Rowsell
Research Vignette 10: Critical Multimodal Analysis of Voting Spaces 183
Marva Cappello
Research Vignette 11: Multimodal Interaction Analysis of Social Positioning in Young Children at School 187
Katie Bernstein
Research Vignette 12: Understanding Spatial Pedagogy 190
Fei Victor Lim
Research Vignette 13: Collective Multimodal Research of Social Interaction in the COVID-19 Pandemic 194
Elisabetta Adami
Research Vignette 14: Analyzing Children’s Virtual Realities 197
Kathy A. Mills and Lesley Friend
Research Vignette 15: A Multimodal Analysis of Children’s Play 201
Kate Cowan and John Potter
Research Vignette 16: Spatial Discourse Analysis of Informal
Outdoor Learning Spaces 204
Louise Ravelli

Epilogue: Looking Back, Moving Forward 209

References 215

Index 235

About the Author and the Contributors 245